【python】Game of Life 生命游戏——初学面向对象试水
本帖最后由 jjjzw 于 2021-4-20 19:42 编辑python终于学到了面向对象这块，感觉有点难度{:1_924:}
学了半天迷迷糊糊，决定动手写点什么来理解一下这些概念
生命游戏规则：每个细胞死或活的状态由它周围的八个细胞所决定。
之所以选这个游戏，是它有比较明显的对象类：细胞、规则等
用比较熟悉的pygame库来显示界面
细胞类：cell.py
class Cell:
def __init__(self, neighbour, is_live, position, charge):
self.neighbour = neighbour
self.is_live = is_live
self.position = position
self.charge = charge
def change(self):
if self.neighbour == 3:
self.is_live = 1
elif self.neighbour == 2:
pass
else:
self.is_live = 0
def convert(self):
if self.is_live == 0:
self.is_live = 1
else:
self.is_live = 0
规则类：rule.py
from cell import Cell
cell_list = []
class Rule:
def __init__(self, width, height, wow, state):
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.wow = wow
self.state = state
def run(self):
for i in range(0, self.width//self.wow):
for j in range(0, self.height//self.wow):
new_cell = Cell(0, 0, (i, j), 0)
cell_list.append(new_cell)
@staticmethod
def get_neighbour():
for cell in cell_list:
cell.neighbour = 0
x = cell.position - 1
y = cell.position - 1
for i in range(0, 3):
for j in range(0, 3):
if (i, j) != (1, 1):
for cell2 in cell_list:
if cell2.position == (x + i, y + j):
if cell2.is_live == 1:
cell.neighbour = cell.neighbour + 1
界面：main.py
import pygame
import time
import random
from rule import *
global x, y, pos
class World:
def __init__(self, width, height, wow, x1, y1):
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.wow = wow
self.x = x1
self.y = y1
def divide(self):
global pos
for i in range(0, self.width//self.wow):
if i < x/self.wow < i + 1:
self.x = i
for j in range(0, self.height//self.wow):
if j < y/self.wow < y + 1:
self.y = j
pos = self.x, self.y
return pos
def draw(path, position):
screen.blit(path, position)
def update():
pygame.display.update()
def color(num):
if num == 0:
return black
elif num == 1:
return white
if __name__ == "__main__":
pygame.init()
World_width = 800
World_height = 500
Cell_size = 20
rule = Rule(World_width, World_height, Cell_size, 0)
world = World(World_width, World_height, Cell_size, 0, 0)
# 创建铺满的细胞
rule.run()
size = rule.width, rule.height + 60
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
pygame.display.set_caption("Game of Life")
time_running = 0
Black = pygame.color.Color("black")
white = pygame.image.load("picture/white.png")
white = pygame.transform.smoothscale(white, (rule.wow, rule.wow))
black = pygame.image.load("picture/black.png")
black = pygame.transform.smoothscale(black, (rule.wow, rule.wow))
red = pygame.image.load("picture/red.png")
red = pygame.transform.smoothscale(red, (rule.wow, rule.wow))
green = pygame.image.load("picture/green.png")
green = pygame.transform.smoothscale(green, (rule.wow, rule.wow))
blue = pygame.image.load("picture/blue.png")
blue = pygame.transform.smoothscale(blue, (World_width, 60))
draw(blue, (0, World_height))
txt_state_0 = pygame.font.Font("font/Arial.ttf", 20).render("Creating Mode(print R to run)", True, Black)
txt_state_0_1 = pygame.font.Font("font/Arial.ttf", 20).render("Print Q to create randomly", True, Black)
txt_state_1 = pygame.font.Font("font/Arial.ttf", 20).render("Running···(print SPACE to modify)", True, Black)
while True:
x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
for cell in cell_list:
if cell.charge == 0:
dest = (cell.position * rule.wow, cell.position * rule.wow)
draw(color(cell.is_live), dest)
cell.charge = 0
if rule.state == 0:
draw(blue, (0, World_height))
draw(txt_state_0, ((World_width - txt_state_0.get_width())/2, World_height))
draw(txt_state_0_1, ((World_width - txt_state_0_1.get_width())/2, World_height + 30))
elif rule.state == 1:
draw(blue, (0, World_height))
draw(txt_state_1, ((World_width - txt_state_0.get_width())/2, World_height))
txt_time = pygame.font.Font("font/Arial.ttf", 20).render("Time: " + str(time_running), True, Black)
draw(txt_time, ((World_width - txt_time.get_width())/2, World_height + 30))
update()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
exit()
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and rule.state == 0:
# 获取坐标pos = (x, y)
world.divide()
for cell in cell_list:
if cell.position == pos:
cell.convert()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_r:
rule.state = 1
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
rule.state = 0
if event.key == pygame.K_q:
for cell in cell_list:
cell.is_live = random.randint(0, 1)
if rule.state == 1:
rule.get_neighbour()
for cell in cell_list:
cell.change()
time_running = time_running + 1
# time.sleep(1)
if rule.state == 0:
world.divide()
for cell in cell_list:
if cell.position == pos:
cell.charge = 1
dest = (cell.position * rule.wow, cell.position * rule.wow)
if cell.is_live == 0:
draw(green, dest)
update()
elif cell.is_live == 1:
draw(red, dest)
update()
运行：
运行下来还是比较顺利的，但是能明显感觉到一些问题：
1、遍历算法实在效率太低{:1_908:}，能感觉到计算量有点大（如果能从编号直接访问类产生的对象，应该能好很多）
2、面向对象的方法确实很强，（比如只加了三行代码就添加了随机图案功能）
但是初步运用，思路还比较混乱，没法摆脱刻在DNA里的面向过程的思考方式（笑）
对于pygame这种东西，还不是很清楚怎么用面向对象的思想来编程，代码中的不足希望大佬帮忙指出，感激不尽！
完整代码及其他附件：
创造模式：q随机图案，r开始运行
运行模式下：空格暂停、修改
面向對象編程？
你在做夢？
你得先有個對象！ 过来学习学习大佬了! 虽然你说很粗糙，但是，对于我这种小白，真是牛批，多谢分享 元胞自动机{:1_893:}
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