用C# Windows窗体实现一个俄罗斯方块
本帖最后由 Molingo 于 2023-12-3 17:06 编辑先简单说一下实现思路
1.画板
游戏画面是有10*20的小方格组成，用代码在窗体中创建10*20个label控件，将长宽设为一样大小且统一设置黑色背景；
每个图形都是由四个小方格组成，通过改变画板上label的背景颜色，即可在绘制出图形；
2.图形的移动和变型
游戏中有7中图形，每个图形都是有4个小方格组成，可以左右移动或变形；在每个图形中选择其中一个方块，作为整个图形中心点，并记录这个图形点在整个画布中的(X,Y)坐标；通过中心点的坐标，绘制不同的图形；在移动图形时，只需要改变中心点坐标；例：左右移动时，只需要对中心的X轴-1或+1即可；移动之后，先记录上一次坐标位置，并通过坐标擦除掉图形(将label背景色设为黑色)；并根据移动后的坐标进行绘制方块，图形有四种变化，每一次做变型时，根据中心点坐标先擦除在绘制；
3.图形的绘制和移动旋转判断
label是用10*20的数组进行存放，其数组索引即为小方格的坐标； 创建一个10*24的二维数组(需要在画布上方外腾出位置，绘制下落的图形)，记录画布中每个方格坐标中是否存在方格，当图形在做移动和旋转时，可通过图形坐标点检查周围是否存在方块，来判定是否可以旋转或移动或下落；在窗体中增加一个定时器，让图形的中心点Y轴-1，来达到自动下落的功能；如图中，根据中心点绘制出红色图形；根据中线点判断灰色部分是否存在方块，来判定图形能否做旋转；
4.满行消除与游戏结束
当图形无法下落时，通过用来记录方块是否存在的数组，判断画布每一行是否满行；满行后，擦除当行，让上面每一行都往下覆盖，实现消除；当方块无法下落且Y轴坐标高于画布最高的点时，游戏结束；
5.游戏截图
画布类：
public class Canvas
{
privateLabel[,] canvals = new Label;
public Label[,] canvals2 = new Label;
public enum MoveDirection
{
left,
right,
Variant
}
private readonly Control Control;
private readonly Control Control2;
private Random Random;
public Score score;
private Blocks Blocks { get; set; }
private Blocks NextBlocks { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 记录是否存在方块
/// </summary>
public bool[][] isExitBlock = new bool[];
/// <summary>
/// 记录方块的颜色
/// </summary>
public Color[][] blockColor = new Color[];
/// <summary>
/// 初始化画板
/// </summary>
/// <param name="c"></param>
/// <param name="c2"></param>
public Canvas(Control c, Control c2)
{
Control = c; Control2 = c2;
DrawCanvas();
InitializeGame();
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化游戏
/// </summary>
public void InitializeGame()
{
for (int i = 0; i < isExitBlock.Length; i++)
{
isExitBlock = new bool;
blockColor = new Color;
}
Random = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks);
Blocks = CreateNextBlock();
score = new Score();
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建下一个方块
/// </summary>
public Blocks CreateNextBlock()
{
NextBlocks = CreateBlock();
NextBlocks.BlockType = Random.Next(1, 5);
NextBlocks.BlockPoint = new Point(4, 21);
NextBlocks.NextBlockType = NextBlocks.BlockType;
return NextBlocks;
}
/// <summary>
/// 随机创建方块
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private Blocks CreateBlock()
{
int type = Random.Next(1, 8);
switch (type)
{
case 1:
return new Block1(this);
case 2:
return new Block2(this);
case 3:
return new Block3(this);
case 4:
return new Block4(this);
case 5:
return new Block5(this);
case 6:
return new Block6(this);
case 7:
return new Block7(this);
default:
return new Block1(this);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 构建画板
/// </summary>
private void DrawCanvas()
{
for (int i = 0; i < canvals.GetLength(0); i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < canvals.GetLength(1); j++)
{
Label label = canvals = new Label();
label.Width = 30;
label.Height = 30;
label.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.FixedSingle;
label.BackColor = Color.Black;
label.Location = new Point(j * 30, Control.Height - 30 - i * 30);
Control.Controls.Add(label);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < canvals2.GetLength(0); i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < canvals2.GetLength(1); j++)
{
Label label = canvals2 = new Label();
label.Width = 30;
label.Height = 30;
label.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.FixedSingle;
label.BackColor = Color.White;
label.Location = new Point(j * 30, i * 30);
Control2.Controls.Add(label);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 默认方块下落
/// </summary>
/// <param name="block"></param>
public bool Freefall()
{
if (Blocks.IsFall())
{
Blocks.PreBlockPoint = Blocks.BlockPoint;
Blocks.PreBlockType = Blocks.BlockType;
Blocks.EraseBlock();
Blocks.SetPointY(Blocks.BlockPoint.Y - 1);
Blocks.Drawblock();
ShowBlock();
if (Blocks.BlockPoint.Y == 20)
{
EraseNextBlock();
CreateNextBlock().DrawNextblock();
}
return true;
}
else
{
if (Blocks.BlockPoint.Y == 21)
{
score.GameOverTime = DateTime.Now;
score.SaveGamelog();
return false;
}
FullLineDispel();
Blocks = NextBlocks;
return true;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 方块显示
/// </summary>
/// <param name="blocks"></param>
public void ShowBlock()
{
for (int i = 0; i < canvals.GetLength(0); i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < canvals.GetLength(1); j++)
{
if (isExitBlock)
canvals.BackColor = blockColor;
else
canvals.BackColor = Color.Black;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 方块的移动或变形
/// </summary>
/// <param name="move"></param>
public void MoveOrVariantBlock(MoveDirection move)
{
switch (move)
{
case MoveDirection.left:
if (Blocks.LeftMove())
{
Blocks.PreBlockType = Blocks.BlockType;
Blocks.PreBlockPoint = Blocks.BlockPoint;
Blocks.EraseBlock();
Blocks.SetPointX(Blocks.BlockPoint.X - 1);
Blocks.Drawblock();
ShowBlock();
}
break;
case MoveDirection.right:
if (Blocks.rightMove())
{
Blocks.PreBlockType = Blocks.BlockType;
Blocks.PreBlockPoint = Blocks.BlockPoint;
Blocks.EraseBlock();
Blocks.SetPointX(Blocks.BlockPoint.X + 1);
Blocks.Drawblock();
ShowBlock();
}
break;
case MoveDirection.Variant:
if (Blocks.IsVariant())
{
Blocks.PreBlockType = Blocks.BlockType;
Blocks.PreBlockPoint = Blocks.BlockPoint;
Blocks.EraseBlock();
Blocks.BlockType += 1;
Blocks.Drawblock();
ShowBlock();
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 满行消除
/// </summary>
public void FullLineDispel()
{
int row = -1;
for (int i = 0; i <= canvals.GetLength(0); i++)
{
int count = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < canvals.GetLength(1); j++)
{
if (isExitBlock) count++;
}
if (count == canvals.GetLength(1))
{
if (row == i)
{
score.GameScore += 2;
}
else
{
score.GameScore += 1;
}
score.Rows+=1;
row = i;
if (score.GameScore % 20 == 0)
{
score.Leave = score.GameScore / 20;
score.FallingVelocity -= score.Leave * 50;
}
for (int k = i; k < 23; k++)
{
isExitBlock = isExitBlock;
blockColor = blockColor;
}
isExitBlock = new bool;
blockColor = new Color;
i--;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 擦除显示下一方块的画板
/// </summary>
public void EraseNextBlock()
{
foreach (var item in canvals2)
{
item.BackColor = Color.White;
}
}
}
方块抽象类：
public abstract class Blocks
{
public Blocks(Canvas canvas)
{
c = canvas;
}
protected Canvas c;
protected static Random random = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks);
protected static Color[] Colors = new Color[] {
Color.Magenta,
Color.DeepPink,
Color.Red,
Color.Orange,
Color.DarkTurquoise,
Color.Coral,
Color.Yellow,
Color.MediumSpringGreen,
Color.Cyan,
Color.DodgerBlue,
Color.Aqua,
Color.MediumVioletRed,
Color.DarkMagenta,
Color.OrangeRed,
Color.Aquamarine,
Color.SeaGreen,
Color.PaleVioletRed,
Color.PaleGreen,
Color.PaleTurquoise,
Color.SpringGreen,
Color.Tomato,
Color.Turquoise,
Color.Violet,
Color.LightCoral,
Color.YellowGreen,
Color.Plum,
Color.MediumTurquoise,
Color.DarkCyan,
Color.GreenYellow
};
/// <summary>
/// 设置当前方块的X坐标
/// </summary>
/// <param name="x"></param>
public void SetPointX(int x) => BlockPoint = new Point(x, BlockPoint.Y);
/// <summary>
/// 设置当前方块的y坐标
/// </summary>
/// <param name="y"></param>
public void SetPointY(int y) => BlockPoint = new Point(BlockPoint.X, y);
private int _blockType;
/// <summary>
/// 当前方块的类型
/// </summary>
public int BlockType
{
get => _blockType;
set => _blockType = value > 4 ? 1 : value;
}
/// <summary>
/// 当前方块中心点的位置
/// </summary>
public Point BlockPoint { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 当前方块的颜色
/// </summary>
publicColor CurrentBlockColor { get; protected set; } = Colors;
/// <summary>
/// 方块上一次的中心点位置
/// </summary>
public Point PreBlockPoint { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 上一次方块的类型
/// </summary>
public int PreBlockType { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 下一个方块类型
/// </summary>
public int NextBlockType { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 是否可以继续下落
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract bool IsFall();
/// <summary>
/// 是否可以左移
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract bool LeftMove();
/// <summary>
/// 是否可以右移
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract bool rightMove();
/// <summary>
/// 是否可以变形
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public abstract bool IsVariant();
/// <summary>
/// 擦除方块
/// </summary>
public abstract void EraseBlock();
/// <summary>
/// 绘制方块
/// </summary>
public abstract void Drawblock();
/// <summary>
/// 绘制下一个方块
/// </summary>
public abstract void DrawNextblock();
}
其中一个方块的实现类：
class Block3 : Blocks
{
public Block3(Canvas c) : base(c)
{
}
public override void Drawblock()
{
switch (BlockType)
{
case 1:
c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = true;
c.blockColor = c.blockColor = c.blockColor = c.blockColor = CurrentBlockColor;break;
case 2:
c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = true;
c.blockColor = c.blockColor = c.blockColor = c.blockColor = CurrentBlockColor; break;
case 3:
c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = true;
c.blockColor = c.blockColor = c.blockColor = c.blockColor = CurrentBlockColor; break;
case 4:
c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = true;
c.blockColor = c.blockColor = c.blockColor = c.blockColor = CurrentBlockColor; break;
}
}
public override void DrawNextblock()
{
switch (NextBlockType)
{
case 1:
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
break;
case 2:
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
break;
case 3:
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
break;
case 4:
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
c.canvals2.BackColor = CurrentBlockColor;
break;
}
}
public override void EraseBlock()
{
switch (PreBlockType)
{
case 1:
c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = false; break;
case 2:
c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = false; break;
case 3:
c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = false; break;
case 4:
c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = c.isExitBlock = false; break;
}
}
public override bool IsFall()
{
bool b = false;
switch (BlockType)
{
case 1:
if (BlockPoint.Y > 1 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 2:
if (BlockPoint.Y > 1 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 3:
if (BlockPoint.Y > 1 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 4:
if (BlockPoint.Y > 0 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
}
return b;
}
public override bool IsVariant()
{
bool b = false;
switch (BlockType)
{
case 1:
if (BlockPoint.X > 0 && BlockPoint.X < 9 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 2:
if (BlockPoint.X > 0 && BlockPoint.X < 9 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 3:
if (BlockPoint.X > 0 && BlockPoint.X < 9 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 4:
if (BlockPoint.X > 0 && BlockPoint.X < 9 && BlockPoint.Y > 0 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
}
return b;
}
public override bool LeftMove()
{
bool b = false;
switch (BlockType)
{
case 1:
if (BlockPoint.X > 0 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 2:
if (BlockPoint.X > 1 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 3:
if (BlockPoint.X > 1 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 4:
if (BlockPoint.X > 1 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
}
return b;
}
public override bool rightMove()
{
bool b = false;
switch (BlockType)
{
case 1:
if (BlockPoint.X < 8 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 2:
if (BlockPoint.X < 8 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 3:
if (BlockPoint.X < 9 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
case 4:
if (BlockPoint.X < 8 && !c.isExitBlock && !c.isExitBlock) b = true;
break;
}
return b;
}
}
完整源代码：
牛啊,我就写不出. 不错不错 xintian 发表于 2023-12-4 09:28
牛啊,我就写不出.
思路捋清楚了，你也可以写出来的:lol 这个好东西啊，感谢分享 这个是认真学习和思考的结果，该表扬。 学习一下，顺便体验体验
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