python前台和后台的几种截图函数
本帖最后由 18834161486 于 2024-4-16 12:38 编辑一、前台截图
1、Pillow截图
import time
import cv2
import numpy as np
from PIL import ImageGrab
st = time.time()
screenshot = ImageGrab.grab(bbox=(0, 0, 1920, 1080))
screenshot = np.array(screenshot)
screenshot = cv2.cvtColor(screenshot, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
print(f'耗时:{time.time() - st}')
cv2.imshow('123', screenshot)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
2、pyautogui截图
import time
import numpy as np
import pyautogui
import cv2
st = time.time()
pic = pyautogui.screenshot(region=(0, 0, 1920, 1080))
pic = np.array(pic)
pic = cv2.cvtColor(pic, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
print(f'耗时:{time.time() - st}')
cv2.imshow('456', np.array(pic))
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
3、mss截图
import time
import cv2
import numpy as np
from mss import mss
sct = mss()
st = time.time()
monitor = {'top': 0, 'left': 0, 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080}
screenshot = sct.grab(monitor)
img = np.array(screenshot)
img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_RGBA2RGB)
print(f'耗时:{time.time() - st}')
cv2.imshow("Screenshot", img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
4、D3Dshot截图
import time
import cv2
import d3dshot
d3dshot = d3dshot.create()
st = time.time()
screenshot = d3dshot.screenshot()
image = cv2.cvtColor(screenshot, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
print(f'耗时:{time.time() - st}')
cv2.imshow("Screenshot", image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
d3dshot.stop()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
二、后台截图
1、BitBlt截图
import time
from ctypes import windll, byref, c_ubyte
from ctypes.wintypes import RECT
import cv2
import numpy as np
def Capture(handle, x1=0, y1=0, x2=None, y2=None):
'''
后台截图
:param handle: 句柄
:param x1:
:param y1:
:param x2:
:param y2:
:return:
'''
GetDC = windll.user32.GetDC
CreateCompatibleDC = windll.gdi32.CreateCompatibleDC
GetClientRect = windll.user32.GetClientRect
CreateCompatibleBitmap = windll.gdi32.CreateCompatibleBitmap
SelectObject = windll.gdi32.SelectObject
BitBlt = windll.gdi32.BitBlt
SRCCOPY = 0x00CC0020
GetBitmapBits = windll.gdi32.GetBitmapBits
DeleteObject = windll.gdi32.DeleteObject
ReleaseDC = windll.user32.ReleaseDC
windll.user32.SetProcessDPIAware()
r = RECT()
GetClientRect(handle, byref(r))
width, height = r.right, r.bottom
if x2 is None:
x2 = width
if y2 is None:
y2 = height
dc = GetDC(handle)
cdc = CreateCompatibleDC(dc)
bitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(dc, x2 - x1, y2 - y1)
SelectObject(cdc, bitmap)
BitBlt(cdc, 0, 0, x2 - x1, y2 - y1, dc, x1, y1, SRCCOPY)
total_bytes = (x2 - x1) * (y2 - y1) * 4
buffer = bytearray(total_bytes)
byte_array = c_ubyte * total_bytes
GetBitmapBits(bitmap, total_bytes, byte_array.from_buffer(buffer))
DeleteObject(bitmap)
DeleteObject(cdc)
ReleaseDC(handle, dc)
return np.frombuffer(buffer, dtype=np.uint8).reshape(y2 - y1, x2 - x1, 4)
st = time.time()
pic = Capture(1706456, 0, 0, 1920, 1080)
print(f'耗时:{time.time() - st}')
cv2.imshow('123', pic)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
2、PrintWindow截图
import time
import cv2
import numpy as np
from ctypes import windll
import win32gui
import win32ui
windll.user32.SetProcessDPIAware()
def capture(hwnd, x1, y1, x2, y2):
w = x2 - x1
h = y2 - y1
hwnd_dc = win32gui.GetWindowDC(hwnd)
mfc_dc = win32ui.CreateDCFromHandle(hwnd_dc)
save_dc = mfc_dc.CreateCompatibleDC()
bitmap = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
bitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(mfc_dc, w, h)
save_dc.SelectObject(bitmap)
windll.user32.PrintWindow(hwnd, save_dc.GetSafeHdc(), 3)
bmpinfo = bitmap.GetInfo()
bmpstr = bitmap.GetBitmapBits(True)
img = np.frombuffer(bmpstr, dtype=np.uint8).reshape((bmpinfo["bmHeight"], bmpinfo["bmWidth"], 4))
win32gui.DeleteObject(bitmap.GetHandle())
save_dc.DeleteDC()
mfc_dc.DeleteDC()
win32gui.ReleaseDC(hwnd, hwnd_dc)
return img
st = time.time()
img = capture(1706456, 0, 0, 1920, 1080)
print(f'耗时:{time.time() - st}')
cv2.imshow("123", img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
总结：前台D3Dshot截图比较快一点，但是频繁截图耗时基本一样。后台截图BitBlt截图比较快一点，但是不支持浏览器截图，PrintWindow截图慢，但是支持浏览器。
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20240416更新前台截图
dxcam截图
import time
import cv2
import dxcam
capture = dxcam.create()
st = time.time()
pic = capture.grab()
pic = cv2.cvtColor(pic, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
print(f'耗时:{time.time() - st}')
cv2.imshow('123', pic)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
dxcam截图打败了d3dshot截图，暂居前台截图榜第一。 测试了一下，遮挡可以截图，最小化不行，还有就是运行时cv2.imshow报错显示 The function is not implemented. Rebuild the library with Windows, GTK+ 2.x or Cocoa support. If you are on Ubuntu or Debian, install libgtk2.0-dev and pkg-config, then re-run cmake or configure
script in function 'cvShowImage，需要pip install opencv-contrib-python。 python版本：Python 3.9.6 (tags/v3.9.6:db3ff76, Jun 28 2021, 15:26:21) on win32
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感谢分享。。。。。。。。。。。。 很棒的原创分享，参考了，感谢！ 挺好的总结！谢谢 给善于总结的人点赞！
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