Python调用Win32API写win32程序(感受一下Python无所不能！！！)

lovingxiaobing 发表于 2019-2-7 14:41

来感受一下"Python无所不能"！！！

通过"ctypes"模块间接的调用win32api

代码中会用到的一些ctypes提供的功能：
。基础变量类型
。结构体
。指针
。回调函数
。ctypes提供的win32SDK的变量类型
。等等

下面的Demo会以使用opengl画图的方式展示上面提及的一些基本的功能。

先上图给大家欣赏欣赏~~~

还可以吧，嘻嘻

下面是代码，如果大家COPY了不能运行，那就下载附件吧，Python对空白符敏感

#coding:utf-8

#*****************************************************************
__author__ = "lovingxiaobing|小冰哟"
__email__= "lovingxiaobing@qq.com"
__note__ = "Python 写 Win32GUI 程序 (Python无所不能！！！)\n"\
         "用到user32.dll|kernel32.dll|opengl32.dll|gdi32.dll\n"\
         "通过ctypes内建模块间接调用Win32API"
#*****************************************************************

import sys
import ctypes
from ctypes.wintypes import *

windll = ctypes.windll

####################################################################################################################################
## variable types ##
_LRESULT = ctypes.c_long
_HCURSOR = ctypes.c_void_p
_LPMSG = ctypes.c_void_p
_LPWNDCLASSA = ctypes.c_void_p
_ULONG_PTR = LPVOID
_LPPAINTSTRUCT = LPVOID
_ARGB = DWORD
_HGLRC = LPVOID

WNDPROC = ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(_LRESULT, HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM,)
####################################################################################################################################

## structure ##
### WNDCLASSA ##
class WNDCLASSA(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [
   ("style",    UINT),
   ("lpfnWndProc", WNDPROC),
   ("cbClsExtra",INT),
   ("cbWndExtra",INT),
   ("hInstance", HINSTANCE),
   ("hIcon",    HICON),
   ("hCursor", _HCURSOR),
   ("hbrBackground", HBRUSH),
   ("lpszMenuName",LPCSTR),
   ("lpszClassName", LPCSTR)
]

class PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [
   ("nSize",       WORD),
   ("nVersion",    WORD),
   ("dwFlags",       DWORD),
   ("iPixelType",    BYTE),
   ("cColorBits",    BYTE),
   ("cRedBits",    BYTE),
   ("cRedShift",    BYTE),
   ("cGreenBits",    BYTE),
   ("cGreenShift", BYTE),
   ("cBlueBits",    BYTE),
   ("cBlueShift",    BYTE),
   ("cAlphaBits",    BYTE),
   ("cAlphaShift", BYTE),
   ("cAccumBits",    BYTE),
   ("cAccumRedBits", BYTE),
   ("cAccumGreenBits", BYTE),
   ("cAccumBlueBits",BYTE),
   ("cAccumAlphaBits", BYTE),
   ("cDepthBits",    BYTE),
   ("cStencilBits", BYTE),
   ("cAuxBuffers", BYTE),
   ("iLayerType",    BYTE),
   ("bReserved",    BYTE),
   ("dwLayerMask", DWORD),
   ("dwVisibleMask", DWORD),
   ("dwDamageMask", DWORD)
]

####################################################################################################################################
## kernel32.dll ##
### kernel32.dll exports ##
GetModuleHandle = windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleA
GetModuleHandle.restype = HMODULE

####################################################################################################################################
## user32.dll ##
user32 = windll.LoadLibrary("user32.dll")
### user32.dll exports ##
#窗口类注册函数
RegisterClass = user32.RegisterClassA
RegisterClass.argtypes = (_LPWNDCLASSA,)
RegisterClass.restype = ATOM

#窗口显示函数
ShowWindow = user32.ShowWindow
ShowWindow.argtypes = (HWND, INT,)

#发送窗口线程结束消息
PostQuitMessage = user32.PostQuitMessage
PostQuitMessage.argtypes = (INT,)

#默认处理窗口过程函数
DefWindowProc = user32.DefWindowProcA
DefWindowProc.argtypes = (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM,)
DefWindowProc.restype = _LRESULT

#创建窗口函数
CreateWindowEx = user32.CreateWindowExA
CreateWindowEx.restype = HWND

#从消息队列获取消息函数
GetMessage = user32.GetMessageA
GetMessage.argtypes = (_LPMSG, HWND, WPARAM, LPARAM,)
GetMessage.restype = BOOL

#下面是一些消息加工以及派发给窗口的函数
TranslateMessage = user32.TranslateMessage
TranslateMessage.argtypes = (_LPMSG,)
DispatchMessage = user32.DispatchMessageA
DispatchMessage.argtypes = (_LPMSG,)

#加载窗口图标
LoadIcon = user32.LoadIconA
LoadIcon.argtypes = (HINSTANCE, LPCSTR,)
LoadIcon.restype = HICON

#加载窗口鼠标指针
LoadCursor = user32.LoadCursorA
LoadCursor.argtypes = (HINSTANCE, LPCSTR,)
LoadCursor.restype = _HCURSOR

#收到WM_PAINT后处理函数
BeginPaint = user32.BeginPaint
BeginPaint.argtypes = (HWND, _LPPAINTSTRUCT,)
BeginPaint.restype = HDC
EndPaint = user32.EndPaint
EndPaint.argtypes = (HWND, _LPPAINTSTRUCT,)
EndPaint.restype = HDC

GetDC = user32.GetDC
GetDC.argtypes = (HWND,)
GetDC.restype = HDC

ReleaseDC = user32.ReleaseDC
ReleaseDC.argtypes = (HWND, HDC,)
ReleaseDC.restype = INT

####################################################################################################################################
## opengl32.dll ##
opengl32 = windll.LoadLibrary("opengl32.dll")

wglCreateContext = opengl32.wglCreateContext
wglCreateContext.argtypes = (HDC,)
wglCreateContext.restype = _HGLRC

wglMakeCurrent = opengl32.wglMakeCurrent
wglMakeCurrent.argtypes = (HDC, _HGLRC,)
wglMakeCurrent.restype = BOOL

wglDeleteContext = opengl32.wglDeleteContext
wglDeleteContext.argtypes = (_HGLRC,)
wglDeleteContext.restype = BOOL

glClearColor = opengl32.glClearColor
glClearColor.argtypes = (FLOAT, FLOAT, FLOAT, FLOAT,)

glClear = opengl32.glClear
glClear.argtypes = (UINT,)

glBegin = opengl32.glBegin
glBegin.argtypes = (UINT,)

glEnd = opengl32.glEnd

glColor3f = opengl32.glColor3f
glColor3f.argtypes = (FLOAT, FLOAT, FLOAT,)

glColor4f = opengl32.glColor4f
glColor4f.argtypes = (FLOAT, FLOAT, FLOAT, FLOAT,)

glVertex2f = opengl32.glVertex2f
glVertex2f.argtypes = (FLOAT, FLOAT,)

glEnable = opengl32.glEnable
glEnable.argtypes = (UINT,)

glDisable = opengl32.glDisable
glDisable.argtypes = (UINT,)

glBlendFunc = opengl32.glBlendFunc
glBlendFunc.argtypes = (UINT, UINT,)

glHint = opengl32.glHint
glHint.argtypes = (UINT, UINT,)

glViewport = opengl32.glViewport
glViewport.argtypes = (INT, INT, INT, INT,)

####################################################################################################################################
## gdi32.dll ##
gdi32 = windll.LoadLibrary("gdi32.dll")

SetPixelFormat = gdi32.SetPixelFormat
SetPixelFormat.argtypes = (HDC, INT, ctypes.POINTER(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),)
SetPixelFormat.restype = BOOL

ChoosePixelFormat = gdi32.ChoosePixelFormat
ChoosePixelFormat.argtypes = (HDC, ctypes.POINTER(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),)
ChoosePixelFormat.restype = INT

SwapBuffers = gdi32.SwapBuffers
SwapBuffers.argtypes = (HDC,)
SwapBuffers.restype = BOOL

####################################################################################################################################
## macro ##
NULL = None
FALSE = BOOL(0)
TRUE = BOOL(1)

SW_SHOWDEFAULT = 0xA

CS_VREDRAW = 0x0001
CS_HREDRAW = 0x0002

WS_OVERLAPPED = 0x00000000
WS_SYSMENU = 0x00080000
WS_SIZEBOX = 0x00040000

CW_USEDEFAULT = 0x80000000

COLOR_BACKGROUND = 0x00000001

WM_DESTROY = 0x0002
WM_CREATE = 0x0001
WM_PAINT = 0x000F
WM_SIZE = 0x0005

IDI_APPLICATION = 32512
IDC_ARROW = 32512

'''
AlphaShift= 24
RedShift = 16
GreenShift= 8
BlueShift = 0
MakeARGB = lambda a,r,g,b: ((b)<<BlueShift)|((g)<<GreenShift)|((r)<<RedShift)|((a)<<AlphaShift)
'''

MAKEINTRESOURCE = lambda v:LPCSTR(v)
ZeroMemory = lambda addr,nsize: ctypes.memset(addr, 0, nsize)
LOWORD = lambda n: n&0xffff
HIWORD = lambda m: LOWORD(m>>0x10)

PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW = 0x00000004
PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL = 0x00000020
PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER = 0x00000001
PFD_TYPE_RGBA = 0
PFD_MAIN_PLANE = 0

GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT = 0x00004000
GL_TRIANGLES = 0x0004
GL_LINE_LOOP = 0x0002
GL_BLEND = 0x0BE2
GL_SRC_ALPHA = 0x0302
GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA = 0x0303
GL_LINE_SMOOTH = 0x0B20
GL_NICEST = 0x1102
####################################################################################################################################

## globals ##
g_ClassName = ctypes.create_string_buffer("SupriseWindowByPythonCoding".encode('gbk'))
g_WindowTitle = ctypes.create_string_buffer("嘤嘤嘤窗口".encode('gbk'))
g_hwnd = NULL
g_border_width = 640
g_border_height = 640

g_hwnd = HWND(NULL)
g_hdc = HDC(NULL)
g_hrc = _HGLRC(NULL)
####################################################################################################################################

def InitAppliction(hInstance):
global WindowProc
wndcls = WNDCLASSA(
   lpszClassName = ctypes.addressof(g_ClassName),
   lpfnWndProc = WindowProc,
   style = CS_VREDRAW|CS_HREDRAW,
   cbClsExtra = 0,
   cbWndExtra = 0,
   hInstance = hInstance,
   hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_APPLICATION)),
   hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_ARROW)),
   hbrBackground = COLOR_BACKGROUND,
   lpszMenuName = LPCSTR(NULL)
)

return True if RegisterClass(ctypes.addressof(wndcls)) else False

####################################################################################################################################

#主函数
def WinMain(hInstance, hPrevInstance, lpCmdLine, nCmdShow):
if False == InitAppliction(hInstance):
   raise ctypes.WinError("Last Error Code: %d" % (ctypes.GetLastError()))

hwnd = CreateWindowEx(
   0,
   ctypes.addressof(g_ClassName),
   ctypes.addressof(g_WindowTitle),
   WS_OVERLAPPED|WS_SYSMENU|WS_SIZEBOX,
   CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
   g_border_width, g_border_height,
   NULL, NULL,
   hInstance,
   NULL
)

if NULL == hwnd:
   raise ctypes.WinError("Last Error Code: %d" % (ctypes.GetLastError()))

ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow)

messages = MSG()
lpmessages = ctypes.addressof(messages)

#消息循环
while GetMessage(lpmessages, NULL, 0, 0):
   TranslateMessage(lpmessages)
   DispatchMessage(lpmessages)

return messages.wParam

####################################################################################################################################
# 收到重绘消息响应函数
def OnPaint():
glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT)

# 线条抗锯齿
#glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH)
#glHint(GL_LINE_SMOOTH, GL_NICEST)

# 混合(透明)
glEnable(GL_BLEND)
glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA)

## 画两个叠在一起的三角形
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES)
glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
glVertex2f(0.0, 1.0)

glColor3f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
glVertex2f(0.87, -0.5)

glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
glVertex2f(-0.87, -0.5)
glEnd()

glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES)
glColor4f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5)
glVertex2f(0.87, 0.5)

glColor4f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.5)
glVertex2f(-0.87, 0.5)

glColor4f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.5)
glVertex2f(0.0, -1.0)
glEnd()
## ***********
glDisable(GL_BLEND)

## 画六边形彩色边框
glBegin(GL_LINE_LOOP)

glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
glVertex2f(0.0, 1.0)

glColor3f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
glVertex2f(0.87, 0.5)

glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
glVertex2f(0.87, -0.5)

glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
glVertex2f(0.0, -1.0)

glColor3f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
glVertex2f(-0.87, -0.5)

glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
glVertex2f(-0.87, 0.5)
glEnd()

#glDisable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH)

SwapBuffers(g_hdc)

####################################################################################################################################
#窗口过程函数
@ctypes.WINFUNCTYPE(_LRESULT, HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
def WindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam):

if WM_PAINT == message:
   BeginPaint(hwnd, _LPPAINTSTRUCT(NULL))
   OnPaint()
   EndPaint(hwnd, _LPPAINTSTRUCT(NULL))
elif WM_SIZE == message:
   w = LOWORD(lParam)
   h = HIWORD(lParam)
   glViewport(0, 0, w, h)
elif WM_DESTROY == message:
   DisableOpenGL()
   PostQuitMessage(0)
elif WM_CREATE == message:
   global g_hwnd
   g_hwnd = hwnd
   EnableOpenGL()
else:
   return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam)

return 0

####################################################################################################################################
# 初始化Opengl上下文
def EnableOpenGL():
global g_hwnd
global g_hdc
global g_hrc

g_hdc = GetDC(g_hwnd)
iFormat = INT(0)

pfd = PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR()
ZeroMemory(ctypes.addressof(pfd), ctypes.sizeof(pfd))

pfd.nSize = ctypes.sizeof(pfd)
pfd.nVersion = 1
pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW|PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL|PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER
pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA
pfd.cColorBits = 24
pfd.cDepthBits = 16
pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE

iFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(g_hdc, ctypes.byref(pfd))
SetPixelFormat(g_hdc, iFormat, ctypes.byref(pfd))

g_hrc = wglCreateContext(g_hdc)
wglMakeCurrent(g_hdc, g_hrc)

####################################################################################################################################
# 注销opengl上下文
def DisableOpenGL():
wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL)
wglDeleteContext(g_hrc)
ReleaseDC(g_hwnd, g_hdc)

####################################################################################################################################

## 主函数入口参数(应用入口)
def ApplicationEntry():
hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL)
hPrevInstance = NULL
lpCmdLine = sys.argv
nCmdShow = SW_SHOWDEFAULT
## 调用主函数
WinMain(hInstance, hPrevInstance, lpCmdLine, nCmdShow)

####################################################################################################################################

if "__main__" == __name__:
ApplicationEntry()

####################################################################################################################################

祝大家新年快乐,****(暗示！！！)

lovingxiaobing 发表于 2020-9-4 01:20

shinykers 发表于 2020-2-22 11:25
楼主牛！
不过能不能做是一回事，好不好做也值得考虑啊~
请问楼主，做这个事情，是否有更简单的办法呢？

pywin32:
https://github.com/mhammond/pywin32

现在可以通过pip在线安装，也可以到它的github页下载编译好的模块。

lovingxiaobing 发表于 2019-2-9 12:33

hanlu5016 发表于 2019-2-8 15:50
这个能在win7上用不

ctypes的一个小缺陷，使用的数据类型的尺寸是32位机器的大小，但是调用的却是64位的api，这个很伤~~~~
但是32位机器上运行无问题。
小冰运行这个程序的环境是：win10 32位|python3.7.1

xu6456338 发表于 2019-2-7 15:32

nice 学习学习

加油发表于 2019-2-7 16:08

吾爱支持 发表于 2019-2-7 16:37

感谢楼主分享……学习了。
送上小CB和祝福

hackysh 发表于 2019-2-7 17:25

成品在哪？上传啊啊

zjmowu 发表于 2019-2-7 17:31

感谢楼主分享……学习了。

绅士· 发表于 2019-2-7 17:47

楼主可以的

hanlu5016 发表于 2019-2-8 15:50

这个能在win7上用不

南川没有北鱼 发表于 2020-2-20 11:31

感谢楼主，学习一下

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Python调用Win32API写win32程序(感受一下Python无所不能！！！)