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本帖最后由 suyinchuo 于 2019-11-5 11:53 编辑
今天突发奇想做了一个12306自动登陆的程序！selenium环境配置：https://www.cnblogs.com/whyan/p/9206467.html
调用了接口http://littlebigluo.qicp.net:47720/ 大家酌情使用！
大概思路：
- 使用selenium库操作浏览器打开登陆页面并输入用户名和密码
[Python] 纯文本查看 复制代码 def login(self):
# 初始化浏览器对象
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# 12306登陆页面
login_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html"
# 设置浏览器长宽
driver.set_window_size(1200, 900)
# 打开登陆页面
driver.get(login_url)
# 找到账号登陆按钮
account = driver.find_element_by_class_name("login-hd-account")
# 点击按钮
account.click()
# 找到用户名输入框
userName = driver.find_element_by_id("J-userName")
# 输入用户名
userName.send_keys(self.username)
# 找到密码输入框
passWord = driver.find_element_by_id("J-password")
# 输入密码
passWord.send_keys(self.password) - 获取验证码图片，并保存到本地
[Python] 纯文本查看 复制代码 def getVerifyImage(self):
try:
# 找到图片验证码标签
img_element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 100).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "J-loginImg"))
)
except Exception as e:
print(u"验证码图片未加载！")
# 获取图片验证码的src属性，就是图片base64加密后的数据
base64_str = img_element.get_attribute("src").split(",")[-1]
# base64解码得到图片的数据
imgdata = base64.b64decode(base64_str)
# 存入img.jpg
with open('img.jpg', 'wb') as file:
file.write(imgdata) - 调用接口识别验证码图片，此技术基于深度学习，本人技术有限，暂不讲解！
[Python] 纯文本查看 复制代码 def getVerifyResult(self):
# 12306验证码识别网址
url = "http://littlebigluo.qicp.net:47720/"
# 发送post请求把图片数据带上
response = requests.request("POST", url, data={"type": "1"}, files={'pic_xxfile': open('img.jpg', 'rb')})
result = []
print(response.text)
# 返回识别结果
for i in re.findall("<B>(.*)</B>", response.text)[0].split(" "):
result.append(int(i) - 1) - 根据结果选择图片验证码点击
[Python] 纯文本查看 复制代码 def moveAndClick(self):
try:
# 创建鼠标对象
Action = ActionChains(self.driver)
for i in self.result:
# 根据获取的结果取坐标选择图片并点击
Action.move_to_element(self.img_element).move_by_offset(self.coordinate[i][0],
self.coordinate[i][1]).click()
Action.perform()
except Exception as e:
print(e) - 点击登陆按钮
[Python] 纯文本查看 复制代码 def submit(self):
# 点击登陆按钮
self.driver.find_element_by_id("J-login").click()
附完整代码
[Python] 纯文本查看 复制代码 import base64
import re
import time
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
class Login(object):
def __init__(self, username, password):
# 图片验证码坐标
self.coordinate = [[-105, -20], [-35, -20], [40, -20], [110, -20], [-105, 50], [-35, 50], [40, 50], [110, 50]]
self.username = username
self.password = password
def login(self):
# 初始化浏览器对象
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# 12306登陆页面
login_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html"
# 设置浏览器长宽
driver.set_window_size(1200, 900)
# 打开登陆页面
driver.get(login_url)
# 找到账号登陆按钮
account = driver.find_element_by_class_name("login-hd-account")
# 点击按钮
account.click()
# 找到用户名输入框
userName = driver.find_element_by_id("J-userName")
# 输入用户名
userName.send_keys(self.username)
# 找到密码输入框
passWord = driver.find_element_by_id("J-password")
# 输入密码
passWord.send_keys(self.password)
self.driver = driver
def getVerifyImage(self):
try:
# 找到图片验证码标签
img_element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 100).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "J-loginImg"))
)
except Exception as e:
print(u"验证码图片未加载！")
# 获取图片验证码的src属性，就是图片base64加密后的数据
base64_str = img_element.get_attribute("src").split(",")[-1]
# base64解码得到图片的数据
imgdata = base64.b64decode(base64_str)
# 存入img.jpg
with open('img.jpg', 'wb') as file:
file.write(imgdata)
self.img_element = img_element
def getVerifyResult(self):
# 12306验证码识别网址
url = "http://littlebigluo.qicp.net:47720/"
# 发送post请求把图片数据带上
response = requests.request("POST", url, data={"type": "1"}, files={'pic_xxfile': open('img.jpg', 'rb')})
result = []
print(response.text)
# 返回识别结果
for i in re.findall("<B>(.*)</B>", response.text)[0].split(" "):
result.append(int(i) - 1)
self.result = result
print(result)
def moveAndClick(self):
try:
# 创建鼠标对象
Action = ActionChains(self.driver)
for i in self.result:
# 根据获取的结果取坐标选择图片并点击
Action.move_to_element(self.img_element).move_by_offset(self.coordinate[i][0],
self.coordinate[i][1]).click()
Action.perform()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
def submit(self):
# 点击登陆按钮
self.driver.find_element_by_id("J-login").click()
def __call__(self):
self.login()
time.sleep(3)
self.getVerifyImage()
time.sleep(1)
self.getVerifyResult()
time.sleep(1)
self.moveAndClick()
time.sleep(1)
self.submit()
time.sleep(1000)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 用户名和密码
username = '******'
password = '******'
Login(username, password)()
基本的注释都有，不明白的可以参考selenium python文档！！！
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发表于 2019-11-5 11:49
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发表于 2019-11-5 16:25
