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阅读权限10
听众
最后登录1970-1-1
|
前言
对于绕过ssl pinning的产品有很多，其中最著名的当属JustTrustMe。其他的sslUnPinning产品思想很多都是从JustTrustMe那里抄来的，由于JustTrustMe原作者也不更新了但是反sslUnPinning技术一直在前进，所以我决定用1一个月的业余时间来重新打造一款实用的sslUnPinning产品。
JustTrustMe我是很认可他的插桩点位的思路的。但是，本人是不认可xposed的。xposed的hook机制从设计之初就走了一条“不归路”，因为xposed有太多的特征可以被app检测。主要是xposed必须基于替换受精卵进程来实现，并且还要安装对应的app来管理插件，而且插件开发也要是单独的android工程。这个对于被攻击app来讲非常好从多个维度去检测xposed的存在，只是人家不想搞的这么明显大多不会强制退出app罢了。比如微信大家去jadx搜索代码，里面妥妥去检测了xposed，人家早就把你标记了。有些小team拿着官方已经停止更新的xposed改改包名，然后称之为魔改过反检测。其实，我要检测你，你怎么改都反不了。你包名改掉，但是你自定义的包名依然在调用栈里面。通过对比纯净android系统的正常堆栈，你立马被标记为灰度用户。还可以通过扫描已经安装的app列表，发现类似justtrustme之类的应用立马标记。还有你xposed管理本身也是一个app，你怎么隐藏？ 改操作系统吗？但是，话又回来了，你都可以改操作系统了那你为什么不直接在framework层直接嵌入hook机制呢？因为，你技术还没到那一步，你只是停留在andorid项目改改包名的阶段，只能靠着这个去收割一些新人的韭菜。不好意思阿，我这人说话就是这么直！你费劲巴拉的搞一个大型项目，完了效果并不是真的全面反检测。我觉得没必要去做。
我想xposed的作者rovo89也是看到了这一点，所以没有再对xposed进行更新了。大庄家都不玩了，我们这些蝼蚁就要认清局势。该废弃的技术废弃，要舍得抛弃陈旧的技术这样你才能不断进步。我要把JustTrustMe用frIDA实现一版。所以先出一篇JustTrustMe源码分析，等大家熟悉了JustTrustMe源码我再带着大家用frida去搞一个"JustTrustMe"：JustTrustMe源码阅读和剖析
请大家先打开JustTrustMe的Main.java，我下面会一一列举JustTrustMe的每个方法，以及它的作用和对应java的伪代码。
1、DefaultHttpClient的3个构造方法hook
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/* external/apache-http/src/org/apache/http/impl/client/DefaultHttpClient.java */
/* public DefaultHttpClient() */
findAndHookConstructor(DefaultHttpClient.class, new XC_MethodHook() {
@Override
protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
setObjectField(param.thisObject, "defaultParams", null);
setObjectField(param.thisObject, "connManager", getSCCM());
}
});
/* external/apache-http/src/org/apache/http/impl/client/DefaultHttpClient.java */
/* public DefaultHttpClient(HttpParams params) */
findAndHookConstructor(DefaultHttpClient.class, HttpParams.class, new XC_MethodHook() {
@Override
protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
setObjectField(param.thisObject, "defaultParams", (HttpParams) param.args[0]);
setObjectField(param.thisObject, "connManager", getSCCM());
}
});
/* external/apache-http/src/org/apache/http/impl/client/DefaultHttpClient.java */
/* public DefaultHttpClient(ClientConnectionManager conman, HttpParams params) */
findAndHookConstructor(DefaultHttpClient.class, ClientConnectionManager.class, HttpParams.class, new XC_MethodHook() {
@Override
protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
HttpParams params = (HttpParams) param.args[1];
setObjectField(param.thisObject, "defaultParams", params);
setObjectField(param.thisObject, "connManager", getCCM(param.args[0], params));
}
}); |
分析：三个构造方法的目的都是在new DefaultHttpClient之后替换connManager参数。而getSCCM()方法就是返回一个不安全的ClientConnectionManager。
getSCCM()和getCCM()实现如下：
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//Create a SingleClientConnManager that trusts everyone!
public ClientConnectionManager getSCCM() {
KeyStore trustStore;
try {
trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
trustStore.load(null, null);
SSLSocketFactory sf = new TrustAllSSLSocketFactory(trustStore);
sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new SingleClientConnManager(null, registry);
return ccm;
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
}
}
//This function creates a ThreadSafeClientConnManager that trusts everyone!
public ClientConnectionManager getTSCCM(HttpParams params) {
KeyStore trustStore;
try {
trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
trustStore.load(null, null);
SSLSocketFactory sf = new TrustAllSSLSocketFactory(trustStore);
sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
return ccm;
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
}
}
//This function determines what object we are dealing with.
public ClientConnectionManager getCCM(Object o, HttpParams params) {
String className = o.getClass().getSimpleName();
if (className.equals("SingleClientConnManager")) {
return getSCCM();
} else if (className.equals("ThreadSafeClientConnManager")) {
return getTSCCM(params);
}
return null;
} |
那么，由此我们得到经过hook之后三个方法的伪代码逻辑。
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public DefaultHttpClient(final ClientConnectionManager conman, final HttpParams params) {
super(getCCM(conman, params), params);
}
public DefaultHttpClient(final HttpParams params) {
super(getSCCM(), params);
}
public DefaultHttpClient() {
super(getSCCM(), null);
} |
2、X509TrustManagerExtensions的checkServerTrusted方法hook
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findAndHookMethod(X509TrustManagerExtensions.class, "checkServerTrusted", X509Certificate[].class, String.class, String.class, new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
return param.args[0];
}
}); |
分析：X509TrustManagerExtensions原方法会进行一系列的效应证书和服务器是否可信。这里xposed用了XC_MethodReplacement直接替换方法的执行体。
那么，伪代码逻辑如下：
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public List<X509Certificate> checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType, String host) throws CertificateException {
return chain;
} |
3、NetworkSecurityTrustManager的checkPins方法hook
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findAndHookMethod("android.security.net.config.NetworkSecurityTrustManager", lpparam.classLoader, "checkPins", List.class, new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
return null;
}
}); |
分析：原NetworkSecurityTrustManager类的checkPins方法List参数原型是List<X509Certificate>。校验X509Certificate集合是否合法，如果不合法就会抛CertificateException。这里xposed用了XC_MethodReplacement直接替换方法的执行体，并且什么都没做。
那么，伪代码逻辑如下：
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private void checkPins(List<X509Certificate> chain) throws CertificateException {
} |
4. SSLSocketFactory的6参构造方法
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/* external/apache-http/src/org/apache/http/conn/ssl/SSLSocketFactory.java */
/* public SSLSocketFactory( ... ) */
findAndHookConstructor(SSLSocketFactory.class, String.class, KeyStore.class, String.class, KeyStore.class,
SecureRandom.class, HostNameResolver.class, new XC_MethodHook() {
@Override
protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
String algorithm = (String) param.args[0];
KeyStore keystore = (KeyStore) param.args[1];
String keystorePassword = (String) param.args[2];
SecureRandom random = (SecureRandom) param.args[4];
KeyManager[] keymanagers = null;
TrustManager[] trustmanagers = null;
if (keystore != null) {
keymanagers = (KeyManager[]) callStaticMethod(SSLSocketFactory.class, "createKeyManagers", keystore, keystorePassword);
}
trustmanagers = new TrustManager[]{new ImSureItsLegitTrustManager()};
setObjectField(param.thisObject, "sslcontext", SSLContext.getInstance(algorithm));
callMethod(getObjectField(param.thisObject, "sslcontext"), "init", keymanagers, trustmanagers, random);
setObjectField(param.thisObject, "socketfactory",
callMethod(getObjectField(param.thisObject, "sslcontext"), "getSocketFactory"));
}
}); |
分析：这个稍微有点复杂，但目的很简单。就是为了替换TrustManager，而TrustManager不可以直接传进来，是内部创建一个sslcontext来包装一个TrustManager[]。所以要new一个自定义的sslcontext然后把ImSureItsLegitTrustManager传进去。sslcontext对象要进行init()所以整个代码看起来比较多。
给你看伪代码，那逻辑将一目了然：
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public SSLSocketFactory(
String algorithm,
final KeyStore keystore,
final String keystorePassword,
final KeyStore truststore,
final SecureRandom random,
final HostNameResolver nameResolver)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException
{
super();
if (algorithm == null) {
algorithm = TLS;
}
KeyManager[] keymanagers = null;
if (keystore != null) {
keymanagers = createKeyManagers(keystore, keystorePassword);
}
TrustManager[] trustmanagers = new TrustManager[]{new ImSureItsLegitTrustManager()};;//这里被替换了，就这么简单
this.sslcontext = SSLContext.getInstance(algorithm);
this.sslcontext.init(keymanagers, trustmanagers, random);
this.socketfactory = this.sslcontext.getSocketFactory();
this.nameResolver = nameResolver;
} |
5. SSLSocketFactory的getSocketFactory方法
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findAndHookMethod("org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory", lpparam.classLoader, "getSocketFactory", new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
return (SSLSocketFactory) newInstance(SSLSocketFactory.class);
}
}); |
分析：很好理解
伪代码：
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public static SSLSocketFactory getSocketFactory() {
//return NoPreloadHolder.DEFAULT_FACTORY;
return new SSLSocketFactory();
} |
6. SSLSocketFactory的isSecure
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findAndHookMethod("org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory", lpparam.classLoader, "isSecure", Socket.class, new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
return true;
}
}); |
分析：强制让isSecure返回true
伪代码：
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public boolean isSecure(Socket sock)
throws IllegalArgumentException {
return true;
} |
7. TrustManagerFactory的getTrustManagers方法
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findAndHookMethod("javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory", lpparam.classLoader, "getTrustManagers", new XC_MethodHook() {
@Override
protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
if (hasTrustManagerImpl()) {
Class<?> cls = findClass("com.android.org.conscrypt.TrustManagerImpl", lpparam.classLoader);
TrustManager[] managers = (TrustManager[]) param.getResult();
if (managers.length > 0 && cls.isInstance(managers[0]))
return;
}
param.setResult(new TrustManager[]{new ImSureItsLegitTrustManager()});
}
}); |
分析：如果存在com.android.org.conscrypt.TrustManagerImpl这个类的，并且返回的TrustManager[]的长度大于0，并且TrustManager[]第0个是com.android.org.conscrypt.TrustManagerImpl实例，则什么都不操作。否则直接把返回值改成TrustManager[]{new ImSureItsLegitTrustManager()}
伪代码：
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public final TrustManager[] getTrustManagers() {
TrustManager[] originResult = factorySpi.engineGetTrustManagers();//原代码是直接return factorySpi.engineGetTrustManagers()
if (hasTrustManagerImpl()) {
Class<?> cls = Class.from("com.android.org.conscrypt.TrustManagerImpl");
if (originResult.length > 0 && cls.isInstance(originResult[0])) {
return originResult;
}
}
return new TrustManager[]{new ImSureItsLegitTrustManager()};
} |
8. HttpsURLConnection的3个方法
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findAndHookMethod("javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection", lpparam.classLoader, "setDefaultHostnameVerifier",
HostnameVerifier.class, new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
return null;
}
});
findAndHookMethod("javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection", lpparam.classLoader, "setSSLSocketFactory", javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.class,
new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
return null;
}
});
findAndHookMethod("javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection", lpparam.classLoader, "setHostnameVerifier", HostnameVerifier.class,
new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
return null;
}
}); |
分析：让setDefaultHostnameVerifier方法失效，让setSSLSocketFactory失效，让setHostnameVerifier失效
伪代码：
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public static void setDefaultHostnameVerifier(HostnameVerifier v) {
//啥都不干
}
public void setSSLSocketFactory(SSLSocketFactory sf) {
//啥都不干
}
public static void setDefaultHostnameVerifier(HostnameVerifier v) {
//啥都不干
} |
9. javax.net.ssl.SSLContext的init
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findAndHookMethod("javax.net.ssl.SSLContext", lpparam.classLoader, "init", KeyManager[].class, TrustManager[].class, SecureRandom.class, new XC_MethodHook() {
@Override
protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
param.args[0] = null;
param.args[1] = new TrustManager[]{new ImSureItsLegitTrustManager()};
param.args[2] = null;
}
}); |
分析：不用第0和低2个参数，而第1个参数使用TrustManager[]{new ImSureItsLegitTrustManager()}
伪代码：
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public final void init(KeyManager[] km, TrustManager[] tm,
SecureRandom random)
throws KeyManagementException {
tm = new TrustManager[]{new ImSureItsLegitTrustManager()};
contextSpi.engineInit(null, tm, null);
} |
10. Application的attach
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findAndHookMethod("android.app.Application",
lpparam.classLoader,
"attach",
Context.class,
new XC_MethodHook() {
@Override
protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
// Hook OkHttp or third party libraries.
Context context = (Context) param.args[0];
processOkHttp(context.getClassLoader());
processHttpClientAndroidLib(context.getClassLoader());
processXutils(context.getClassLoader());
}
}
); |
分析：由于xposed基于zygote进程孵化app进程，hook非常早。所以如果它想对应用层的类进行hook的话，必须等Application的attach调用之后才能拿到应用级的ClassLoader。那么在attach之后他又进行了processOkHttp、processHttpClientAndroidLib、processXutils方法的调用，分别对应okhttp库的hook、httpclientandroidlib库的hook、org.xutils.http的hook。这三个是应用喜欢用的三方http库。
伪代码：
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final void attach(Context context) {
attachBaseContext(context);
mLoadedApk = ContextImpl.getImpl(context).mPackageInfo;
ClassLoader appClassLoader = context.getClassLoader();
processOkHttp(appClassLoader);
processHttpClientAndroidLib(appClassLoader);
processXutils(appClassLoader);
} |
11. processOkHttp
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void processOkHttp(ClassLoader classLoader) {
try {
classLoader.loadClass("com.squareup.okhttp.CertificatePinner");
findAndHookMethod("com.squareup.okhttp.CertificatePinner",
classLoader,
"check",
String.class,
List.class,
new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam methodHookParam) throws Throwable {
return true;
}
});
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// pass
Log.d(TAG, "OKHTTP 2.5 not found in " + currentPackageName + "-- not hooking");
}
try {
classLoader.loadClass("okhttp3.CertificatePinner");
findAndHookMethod("okhttp3.CertificatePinner",
classLoader,
"check",
String.class,
List.class,
new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam methodHookParam) throws Throwable {
return null;
}
});
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
Log.d(TAG, "OKHTTP 3.x not found in " + currentPackageName + " -- not hooking");
}
try {
classLoader.loadClass("okhttp3.internal.tls.OkHostnameVerifier");
findAndHookMethod("okhttp3.internal.tls.OkHostnameVerifier",
classLoader,
"verify",
String.class,
javax.net.ssl.SSLSession.class,
new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam methodHookParam) throws Throwable {
return true;
}
});
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
Log.d(TAG, "OKHTTP 3.x not found in " + currentPackageName + " -- not hooking OkHostnameVerifier.verify(String, SSLSession)");
}
try {
classLoader.loadClass("okhttp3.internal.tls.OkHostnameVerifier");
findAndHookMethod("okhttp3.internal.tls.OkHostnameVerifier",
classLoader,
"verify",
String.class,
java.security.cert.X509Certificate.class,
new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam methodHookParam) throws Throwable {
return true;
}
});
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
Log.d(TAG, "OKHTTP 3.x not found in " + currentPackageName + " -- not hooking OkHostnameVerifier.verify(String, X509)(");
} |
分析okhttp包名不统一问题：由于okhttp 2.x和3.x包名相差比较大。所以这里第一个hook你可以看到justTrustMe试图去找com.squareup.okhttp.CertificatePinner类，这是为了尽量兼容老安卓项目。
分析CertificatePinner.check：无论是okhttp2.x还是3.x、4.x都是有CertificatePinner.check(String str, List<Certificate> list)这个方法的。可以上面第一二个hook做的是XC_MethodReplacement，并且什么都不操作。对比原check方法，我们知道这个目的是为了阻止check抛SSLPeerUnverifiedException异常。
CertificatePinner.check伪代码：
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public void check(String str, List<Certificate> list) {
//原代码校验失败会throw new throw new SSLPeerUnverifiedException(sb.toString());
//hook之后相当于什么都不操作
} |
分析：第三四个hook OkHostnameVerifier.verify()，校验hostname是否合法最终会调用verify(str, (X509Certificate) sSLSession.getPeerCertificates()[0]);说明还是对远程服务证书进行了校验，这里直接用return true替代了原来的逻辑。
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public boolean verify(String str, SSLSession sSLSession) {
return true;
}
public boolean verify(String str, X509Certificate x509Certificate) {
return true;
}
``
### 12. processHttpClientAndroidLib
```java
void processHttpClientAndroidLib(ClassLoader classLoader) {
try {
classLoader.loadClass("ch.boye.httpclientandroidlib.conn.ssl.AbstractVerifier");
findAndHookMethod("ch.boye.httpclientandroidlib.conn.ssl.AbstractVerifier", classLoader, "verify",
String.class, String[].class, String[].class, boolean.class,
new XC_MethodReplacement() {
@Override
protected Object replaceHookedMethod(MethodHookParam methodHookParam) throws Throwable {
return null;
}
});
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// pass
Log.d(TAG, "httpclientandroidlib not found in " + currentPackageName + "-- not hooking");
}
} |
分析：一个冷门http库的hook
伪代码：
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public final void verify(String arg1, String[] arg2, boolean arg3){
//什么都不做
} |
13. processXutils
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private void processXutils(ClassLoader classLoader) {
try {
classLoader.loadClass("org.xutils.http.RequestParams");
findAndHookMethod("org.xutils.http.RequestParams", classLoader, "setSslSocketFactory", javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.class, new XC_MethodHook() {
@Override
protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
super.beforeHookedMethod(param);
param.args[0] = getEmptySSLFactory();
}
});
findAndHookMethod("org.xutils.http.RequestParams", classLoader, "setHostnameVerifier", HostnameVerifier.class, new XC_MethodHook() {
@Override
protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
super.beforeHookedMethod(param);
param.args[0] = new ImSureItsLegitHostnameVerifier();
}
});
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d(TAG, "org.xutils.http.RequestParams not found in " + currentPackageName + "-- not hooking");
}
} |
分析：一个冷门http库的hook
伪代码：
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13 |
package org.xutils.http;
public class RequestParams {
public void setSslSocketFactory(javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory arg1) {
arg1 = getEmptySSLFactory();//把参数用getEmptySSLFactory();返回值替代
//继续下面的代码逻辑
}
public void setHostnameVerifier(javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier arg1) {
arg1 = new ImSureItsLegitHostnameVerifier();//把参数用ImSureItsLegitHostnameVerifier对象替代
//继续下面的代码逻辑
}
} |
总结
到目前为止，我们已经把JustTrustMe所有的hook点位全部分析了一遍。中间如果大家还是有不解的地方可以去查看每个类对应的源码，下列我帮大家找了一些
JustTrustMeMain.java
apache httpDefaultHttpClient.java
android frameworkX509TrustManagerExtensions.java
android frameworkNetworkSecurityTrustManager.java
apache httpSSLSocketFactory.java
javax TrustManagerFactory.java
javax HttpsURLConnection.java
javax SSLContext.java
android frameworkTrustManagerImpl.java
okhttp3 CertificatePinner.java
okhttp3 OkHostnameVerifier.java |
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发表于 2021-5-6 10:41
