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最近学习下.Net Core 记录使用consul进行服务注册，通过ocelot 作为网关，进行服务发现与调用，使用polly 进行限流处理。
1、consult 使用与说明
.net core使用consul步骤如下
1. 到官网下载consul,地址：[官网](https://www.consul.io/downloads)
2. 安装consul与运行consul
3. 新建.net core Webapi项目
4. 下载consul依赖并配置consul
5. 通过consul简单的接口调用
### 运行启动consul
1. 从官网下载下载后解压文件夹，得到consul.exe，我们需要将consul运行起来，输入命令
consult agent -dev //-dev 表示默认
2. 启动成功后，在浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1:8500 看到界面代表运行起来了
创建.NetCore WebApi项目
1. 创建好项目名为：ConsulWepApi，然后使用Nuget安装Consul依赖
2. 在appsettings.json 添加consul关联配置文件信息
"ConsulData": {
"ConsulAddress": "http://127.0.0.1:8500",
"Datacenter": "dc1",
"ServiceIP": "127.0.0.1",
"ServicePort": 5500,
"ServiceName": "ServiceFirst",
"ServiceHealthCheck": "api/health",
"ServiceHttpType": "http"
}
3. 新建项目启动时进行consul注册，这里我们创建一个中间件如下
/// <summary>
/// 启动Consul
/// </summary>
public static class ConsulExtendMildd
{
public static void UseConsulExtendMildd(this IApplicationBuilder app, IConfiguration configuration, string contentPath)
{
if (app == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(app));
try
{
string ip = configuration["ip"]; //获取到ip地址
string port = configuration["port"]; //获取到端口号
if (ip == null)
{
ip = configuration["ConsulData:ServiceIP"];
}
if (port == null)
{
port = configuration["ConsulData:ServicePort"];
}
var client = new ConsulClient(x =>
{
x.Address = new Uri(configuration["ConsulData:ConsulAddress"]);
x.Datacenter = configuration["ConsulData:Datacenter"];
});
var result = client.Agent.ServiceRegister(new AgentServiceRegistration()
{
ID = "ServerNameFirst" + Guid.NewGuid(), //服务编号保证不重复
Name = configuration["ConsulData:ServiceName"],
Address = ip, //服务ip地址
Port = int.Parse(port), //服务端口
Check = new AgentServiceCheck //健康检查
{
DeregisterCriticalServiceAfter = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), //服务启动多久后反注册
Interval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10), //健康检查时间间隔
HTTP = $"{configuration["ConsulData:ServiceHttpType"]}://{ip}:{port}/{configuration["ConsulData:ServiceHealthCheck"]}", //健康检查地址
Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5) //服务的的注册时间
}
});
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Error Consul Started.\n{ex.Message}");
throw;
}
}
}
4. 然后在startup.cs 添加consul注册
//配置consul
app.UseConsulExtendMildd(Configuration, env.ContentRootPath);
```
5. 配置心跳健康检查，新建一个简单webapi
[Route("api/[controller]")]
[ApiController]
public class HealthController : ControllerBase
{
/// <summary>
/// 健康检查
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpGet]
public IActionResult Get()
{
return Ok();
}
}
6. 我们再创建一个测试的webApi接口
[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]
public class TestController : ControllerBase
{
private readonly ILogger<TestController> _logger;
public TestController(ILogger<TestController> logger)
{
_logger = logger;
}
[HttpGet]
public string Get()
{
string str = (Request.HttpContext.Connection.LocalIpAddress.MapToIPv4().ToString() + ":" + Request.HttpContext.Connection.LocalPort);
return str;
}
}
7. 打开生成的debug，然后通过命令运行起来,启动两个实例
dotnet ConsulWepApi.dll --urls="http://*:5726" --ip="127.0.0.1" --port=5726
dotnet ConsulWepApi.dll --urls="http://*:5727" --ip="127.0.0.1" --port=5727
ocelot 使用
### 操作步骤
1. 创建一个.Net core WebApi 项目
2. 安装Nuget包，Ocelot,Ocelot.Provider.Consul,Ocelot.Provider.Polly
3. 在根目录创建configuration.json
4. 在Program 加载configuration.json
5. 在startup.cs 配置Ocelot,代码如下
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddOcelot().AddConsul().AddPolly();
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
app.UseOcelot();
}
//Program.cs
public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.ConfigureAppConfiguration(c =>
{
c.AddJsonFile("configuration.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true);
})
.ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
{
webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
});
//配置文件
configuration.json
////*****************************单地址/多地址********************************
//{
// "Routes": [
// {
// "DownstreamPathTemplate": "/api/{everything}",
// "DownstreamScheme": "http",
// "DownstreamHostAndPorts": [
// {
// "Host": "localhost",
// "Port": 5726
// }
// ],
// "UpstreamPathTemplate": "/s5726/{everything}",
// "UpstreamHttpMethod": [ "Get", "Post" ]
// },
// {
// "DownstreamPathTemplate": "/api/{everything}",
// "DownstreamScheme": "http",
// "DownstreamHostAndPorts": [
// {
// "Host": "localhost",
// "Port": 5727
// }
// ],
// "UpstreamPathTemplate": "/s5727/{everything}",
// "UpstreamHttpMethod": [ "Get", "Post" ]
// }
// ]
//}
////*****************************单地址多实例负载均衡********************************
//{
// "Routes": [
// {
// "DownstreamPathTemplate": "/api/{everything}",
// "DownstreamScheme": "http",
// "DownstreamHostAndPorts": [
// {
// "Host": "localhost",
// "Port": 5726
// },
// {
// "Host": "localhost",
// "Port": 5727
// }
// ],
// "UpstreamPathTemplate": "/s5/{everything}",
// "UpstreamHttpMethod": [ "Get", "Post" ],
// "LoadBalancerOptions": {
// "Type": "RoundRobin" //轮询 LeastConnection-最少连接数的服务器 NoLoadBalance不负载均衡
// }
// }
// ]
//}
////*****************************单地址多实例负载均衡+Consul********************************
//{
// "Routes": [
// {
// "DownstreamPathTemplate": "/api/{everything}",
// "DownstreamScheme": "http",
// "UpstreamPathTemplate": "/sConsul/{everything}",
// "UpstreamHttpMethod": [ "Get", "Post" ],
// "LoadBalancerOptions": {
// "Type": "RoundRobin" //轮询 LeastConnection-最少连接数的服务器 NoLoadBalance不负载均衡
// },
// "ServiceName": "ServiceFirst", //consul服务名称
// "UseServiceDiscovery": true
// }
// ],
// "GlobalConfiguration": {
// "ServiceDiscoveryProvider": {
// "Host": "localhost",
// "Port": 8500,
// "Type": "Consul" //由Consul提供服务发现
// }
// }
//}
//*****************************单地址多实例负载均衡+Consul+Polly********************************
{
"Routes": [
{
"DownstreamPathTemplate": "/api/{everything}",
"DownstreamScheme": "http",
"UpstreamPathTemplate": "/sConsul/{everything}",
"UpstreamHttpMethod": [ "Get", "Post" ],
"LoadBalancerOptions": {
"Type": "RoundRobin" //轮询 LeastConnection-最少连接数的服务器 NoLoadBalance不负载均衡
},
"ServiceName": "ServiceFirst", //consul服务名称
"UseServiceDiscovery": true,
//"QoSOptions": {
// "ExceptionsAllowedBeforeBreaking": 3, //允许多少个异常请求
// "DurationOfBreak": 10000, // 熔断的时间，单位为ms
// "TimeoutValue": 10000 //如果下游请求的处理时间超过多少则自如将请求设置为超时 默认90秒
//},
//"FileCacheOptions": {
// "TtlSeconds": 10
//}, //"缓存"
"RateLimitOptions": {
"ClientWhitelist": [], //白名单
"EnableRateLimiting": true,
"Period": "5m", //1s, 5m, 1h, 1d jeffzhang
"PeriodTimespan": 5, //多少秒之后客户端可以重试
"Limit": 5 //统计时间段内允许的最大请求数量
}
}
],
"GlobalConfiguration": {
"ServiceDiscoveryProvider": {
"Host": "localhost",
"Port": 8500,
"Type": "Consul" //由Consul提供服务发现
},
"RateLimitOptions": {
"QuotaExceededMessage": "Too many requests,Please try again ", // 当请求过载被截断时返回的消息
"HttpStatusCode": 503 // 当请求过载被截断时返回的http status
}
}
}
----调用-------------
先启动程序，到生成目录下，cmd，启动项目
dotnet OcelotGateway.dll --urls="http://*:6299" --ip="127.0.0.1" --port=6299
//页面调用
浏览器输入：http://127.0.0.1:6299/sConsul/test
这样就用调用5726，5727两个实例返回的数据 |
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发表于 2021-7-22 15:05
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发表于 2021-7-23 17:09
