IPV4 子网小工具
🪄 说明
写计网作业的时候有很多题目要求在二进制子网掩码和点十进制表示法间相互转换。每次都手动转换太费力气了，而且还容易出错，于是我写了这个脚本方便自己。（还真找到几个自己手动转换出错的）
这个脚本可将二进制子网掩码转换为人类可读的表示法（点十进制表示法加长度），反之亦然。此外，它还可以同时提供给定子网中的可用 IP 范围和数量。
📖 使用方法
- 保存脚本为
subnet_helper.py
python3 ./subnet_helper.py- 输入二进制子网掩码或人类可读的表示法
- 按
Enter 键获取结果
- 按
Ctrl+C 退出
🍻 效果展示
$ python3 ./subnet_helper.py
> 225.128.0/9
Prefix: 11100001 1
Available IP count: 2^23 = 8388608
Available IP range: 225.128.0.0 - 225.255.255.255
Available IP range (bin): 11100001 10000000 00000000 00000000 - 11100001 11111111 11111111 11111111
> 11100000 00
Human-friendly: 224.0.0.0/10
Available IP count: 2^22 = 4194304
Available IP range: 224.0.0.0 - 224.63.255.255
Available IP range (bin): 11100000 00000000 00000000 00000000 - 11100000 00111111 11111111 11111111
>
截图:
如果你安装了 rich 模块，你可以得到彩色的输出:
源码
GitHub 地址
try:
from rich import print
except ImportError:
RICH = False
else:
RICH = True
def binToList(s: str) -> list[str]:
# Convert 1110000001000000 to [224, 64, 0, 0]
# Split into octets
octets = [s[i:i+8] for i in range(0, len(s), 8)]
# Pad with 0
octets = [octet.ljust(8, "0") for octet in octets]
# Convert to int
l = [int(octet, 2) for octet in octets]
if len(l) < 4:
l += [0] * (4 - len(l))
return l
def spacePad(s: str):
# Add spaces every 8 characters
return " ".join([s[i:i+8] for i in range(0, len(s), 8)])
def prefixToHuman(s: str) -> str:
# Convert 11100000 01000000 to 224.64.0.0/16
# Remove spaces
s = s.replace(" ", "")
length = len(s)
l = binToList(s)
ipv4 = ".".join([str(i) for i in l])
return f"{ipv4}/{length}"
def humanToPrefix(s: str) -> str:
# Convert 224.64.0.0/16 to 11100000 01000000
parts = s.split("/")
length = int(parts[1])
parts = parts[0].split(".")
# Convert to binary
l = [bin(int(part))[2:].zfill(8) for part in parts]
if len(l) < 4: # Complete with 0
l += ["0" * 8] * (4 - len(l))
binary = " ".join(l)
length_with_spaces = length + (length // 8)
return binary[:length_with_spaces]
def prefixToRange(s: str):
# From binary prefix to available IP range
# Remove spaces
s = s.replace(" ", "")
length = len(s)
left = 32 - length
print(f" Available IP count: 2^{left} = {2 ** left}")
l = binToList(s)
start = ".".join([str(i) for i in l])
l = binToList(s + "1" * left)
end = ".".join([str(i) for i in l])
print(f" Available IP range: {start} - {end}")
print(f" Available IP range (bin): {spacePad(s + '0' * left)} - {spacePad(s + '1' * left)}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
while True:
try:
s = input("> ")
except KeyboardInterrupt:
break
if "/" in s:
prefix = humanToPrefix(s)
print(f"[cyan]Prefix: {prefix}[/cyan]" if RICH else f"Prefix: {prefix}")
else:
prefix = s
print(f"[cyan]Human-friendly: {prefixToHuman(prefix)}[/cyan]" if RICH else f"Human-friendly: {prefixToHuman(prefix)}")
prefixToRange(prefix)
exit(0)
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发表于 2023-11-15 15:50
